2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO)

Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO)

Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO)

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Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) is an inflammatory cytokine-inducible rate-limiting enzyme of the tryptophan (Trp) catabolism, which is involved in the inhibition of intracellular pathogen replication as well as in immunomodulation. To date, three types of tryptophan-metabolizing enzymes have been identified: IDO1, IDO2 and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase 2.

IDO is an intracellular enzyme that is constitutively expressed in several human and mouse cells. Being present in innate immune cells, such as Mos and dendritic cells (DCs), IDO catalyzes the initial rate-limiting step of tryptophan (Trp) catabolism, thus leading to the production of immunoregulatory catabolites (collectively known as kynurenines).

The IDO gene promoter contains multiple sequence elements that confer responsiveness to proinflammatory mediators, thereby demonstrating the strong correlation between inflammation and induced IDO expression.

Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) Isoform Specific Products:

Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-144465
    IDO1-IN-15
    		Inhibitor
    IDO1-IN-15 is a potent IDO1 inhibitor (IC50=127 nM). IDO1-IN-15 has comparable potency against IDO1 enzyme in vitro with Epacadostat.
    IDO1-IN-15
  • HY-181941
    IDO1/TDO-IN-11
    		Inhibitor
    IDO1/TDO-IN-11 (Compound Y-13) is a dual IDO1 and TDO inhibitor, with an IC50 of 2.87 μM against hIDO1 and an IC50 of 0.08 μM against hTDO. IDO1/TDO-IN-11 inhibits NO production and ROS production. IDO1/TDO-IN-11 alleviates cellular neuroinflammatory damage and ameliorates Parkinson's disease. IDO1/TDO-IN-11 is applicable to research related to Parkinson's disease.
    IDO1/TDO-IN-11
  • HY-184077
    IDO1-IN-35
    		Inhibitor
    IDO1-IN-35 (Compound 16) is an inhibitor of the IDO1 mutant IDO1F164A. IDO1-IN-35 inhibits the IDO1-mediated conversion of L-tryptophan to N-formyl-L-kynurenine. IDO1-IN-35 can be used in studies of viral and bacterial infections.
    IDO1-IN-35
  • HY-N0110R
    Palmatine chloride (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Palmatine (chloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Palmatine (chloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Palmatine chloride is an orally active and irreversible indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO-1) inhibitor with IC50s of 3 μM and 157μM against HEK 293-hIDO-1 and rhIDO-1, respectively. Palmatine chloride can also inhibit West Nile virus (WNV) NS2B-NS3 protease in an uncompetitive manner with an IC50 of 96 μM. Palmatine chloride shows anti-cancer, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotection, antibacterial, anti-viral activities.
    Palmatine chloride (Standard)
  • HY-184105
    IDO1-IN-36
    		Inhibitor
    IDO1-IN-36 (Compound 5a) is a selective, mixed-type IDO1 inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.72 μM against hIDO1. IDO1-IN-36 exhibits extremely low cytotoxicity in cancer cells. IDO1-IN-36 can be used for the research of breast cancer.
    IDO1-IN-36
  • HY-168092
    VS-15
    		Inhibitor
    VS-15, a IDO1 inhibitor, selectively binds the heme-free form of IDO1. VS-15 is described as an iNOS inhibitor based on the reduction of NO production.
    VS-15
  • HY-N11451
    Lacto-N-fucopentaose III
    		Activator
    Lacto-N-fucopentaose III (LNFP-III) is an immune modulator. Lacto-N-fucopentaose III reduces the severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and CNS inflammation.
    Lacto-N-fucopentaose III
  • HY-184078
    8-F-2-(Me-Pip-Me)-Tryptanthrin
    		Inhibitor
    8-F-2-(Me-Pip-Me)-Tryptanthrin is a tryptanthrin derivative with blood-brain barrier penetration. 8-F-2-(Me-Pip-Me)-Tryptanthrin protects neurons from Aβ-induced apoptosis, inhibits Aβ-induced Tau protein hyperphosphorylation and neuronal synaptic damage, and improves learning and memory abilities in Alzheimer's disease mice. 8-F-2-(Me-Pip-Me)-Tryptanthrin can be used for the research of nervous system diseases, including diseases related to abnormal Tau protein phosphorylation and abnormal PSD-95 function.
    8-F-2-(Me-Pip-Me)-Tryptanthrin
  • HY-172874
    TDO-IN-2
    		Inhibitor
    TDO-IN-2 (Compound 5c) is an orally active TDO inhibitor (IC50: 1.25 μM). TDO-IN-2 has antitumor activity in the Hepa1-6 hepatocellular carcinoma allograft mouse model. TDO-IN-2 has synergistic effects with the PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor BMS-202 (HY-19745) and can be used to study tumor immune tolerance.
    TDO-IN-2
  • HY-178693
    IDO1-IN-31
    		Inhibitor
    IDO1-IN-31 (Compound 17g) is an IDO1 agonist with an IC50 of 77 nM. IDO1-IN-31 can be used for the study of neurological diseases and cancers.
    IDO1-IN-31
  • HY-145355
    IDO1-IN-12
    		Inhibitor
    IDO1-IN-12 is a potent and orally available IDO1 inhibitor.
    IDO1-IN-12
  • HY-149982
    IDO1-IN-22
    		Inhibitor
    IDO1-IN-22 (Compound 3) is a IDO1 inhibitor (biochemical hIDO1 IC50: 67.4 nM, HeLa hIDO1 IC50: 17.6 nM). IDO1-IN-22 has excellent antitumor efficacy in LLC xenograft model, as well as desirable pharmacokinetic (PK) profile.
    IDO1-IN-22
  • HY-148336A
    IDO1/TDO-IN-5
    		Inhibitor
    IDO1/TDO-IN-5 (compound 9p-O) is a potent dual IDO1/TDO inhibitor with IC50 valeus of 18 and 25 nM, respectively.
    IDO1/TDO-IN-5
  • HY-N0736R
    Coptisine chloride (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Coptisine (chloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Coptisine (chloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Coptisine chloride is an alkaloid from Chinese goldthread, and acts as an efficient uncompetitive IDO inhibitor with a Ki value of 5.8 μM and an IC50 value of 6.3 μM. Coptisine chloride is a potent H1N1 neuraminidase (NA-1) inhibitor with an IC50 of 104.6 μg/mL and can be used for influenza A (H1N1) infection.
    Coptisine chloride (Standard)
  • HY-130607
    IDO1-IN-2
    		Inhibitor
    IDO1-IN-2 (compound 16) is a potent and selective IDO1 inhibitor with IC50s of 81 nM, 59 nM (mouse) and 28 nM (rat), respectively. IDO1-IN-2 has anti-cancer activity.
    IDO1-IN-2
  • HY-181947
    IDO1-IN-33
    		Inhibitor
    IDO1-IN-33 (Compound YC-16) is a IDO1 inhibitor (with an IC50 of 0.18 μM for IDO1 in HeLa cells). IDO1-IN-33 acts as an apo-IDO1 inhibitor by slowly and competitively displacing heme from mature holo-IDO1 and rapidly binding to the heme-binding site of immature apo-IDO1, without altering the expression level of IDO1. IDO1-IN-33 can be used for the research of hepatocellular carcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer, triple-negative breast cancer, and cervical cancer.
    IDO1-IN-33
  • HY-178954
    IDO1-IN-32
    		Inhibitor
    IDO1-IN-32 (Compound 45) is a potent and orally effective IDO1 inhibitor with an IC50 of 10 pM. IDO1-IN-32 exhibits significant anti-proliferative activity against Hela cells. IDO1-IN-32 can significantly inhibit tumor growth in CT26 and LCC transplanted mouse models by activating anti-tumor immunity. IDO1-IN-32 can be used for research on colon cancer and breast cancer.
    IDO1-IN-32
  • HY-N0707S
    (S)-Indoximod-d3
    		Inhibitor 99.0%
    (S)-Indoximod-d3 is the deuterium labeled (S)-Indoximod. (S)-Indoximod (1-Methyl-L-tryptophan) is an inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). (S)-Indoximod can be used for the research of cancer.
    (S)-Indoximod-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-139653
    IDO-IN-14
    		Inhibitor
    IDO-IN-14 is an IDO inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.6928 nM.
    IDO-IN-14
  • HY-128355A
    (R)-IDO/TDO-IN-1
    		Inhibitor 98.04%
    (R)-IDO/TDO-IN-1 (compound 25) is an indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitor, with good pharmacokinetic properties. (R)-IDO/TDO-IN-1 exhibits anti-tumor activity in MC38 xenograft model. (R)-IDO/TDO-IN-1 shows synergistic effect with anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody (SHR-1210).
    (R)-IDO/TDO-IN-1
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Species Source
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) Isoform Comparison

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